CP-91149

CP-91149 displays 200-fold higher inhibitory activity against human liver glycogen phosphorylase a (HLGPa) than caffeine (IC50 = 26 μM). This compound (10-100 μM) inhibits -stimulated glycogenolysis in isolated rat hepatocytes in a dose-dependent manner, and in primary human hepatocytes with IC50 of ~2.1 μM. [1] It also potently inhibits the activities of human muscle phosphorylase a and b with IC50 of 0.2 μM and ~0.3 μM, respectively. Treatment with this chemical at 2.5 μM induces inactivation of phosphorylase and sequential activation of glycogen synthase in hepatocytes, and increases glycogen synthesis by 7-fold at 5 mM glucose and by 2-fold at 20 mM glucose. It can partially counteract the effects of phosphorylase overexpression. [2] This compound also potently inhibits brain GP with IC50 of 0.5 μM in A549 cells. Treatment at 10-30 μM causes significant glycogen accumulation in A549 and HSF55 cells. It treatment increases G1-phase cells with a significant reduction of the S-phase population in HSF55 cells, correlated with increased expression of p21 and p27. [3] This chemical also promotes the dephosphorylation and activation of GS (glycogen synthase) in non-engineered or GP-overexpressing cultured human muscle cells, but exclusively in glucose-deprived cells. [4]

Oral administration of CP-91149 to diabetic ob/ob mice at 25-50 mg/kg causes rapid (3 hours) glucose lowering by 100-120 mg/dl without producing hypoglycemia, resulting from inhibition of glycogenolysis in vivo. This compound treatment does not lower glucose levels in normoglycemic, nondiabetic mice. [1] In the non-fasted Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, administration of this chemical in combination with CS-917 suppresses hepatic glycogen reduction by CS-917 and decreases plasma glucose more than single administration of CS-917. [5]

• Phosphorylase enzymanalys

  Aktiviteten hos humant leverglykogenfosforylas a (HLGPa, 85 ng) mäts i riktning mot glykogensyntes genom frisättning av fosfat från glukos-1-fosfat vid 22°C i 100 μL buffert innehållande 50 mM Hepes (pH 7,2), 100 mM KCl, 2,5 mM EGTA, 2,5 mM MgCl₂, 0,5 mM glukos-1-fosfat och 1 mg/mL glykogen. Fosfat mäts vid 620 nm, 20 minuter efter tillsats av 150 μL 1 M HCl innehållande 10 mg/mL ammoniummolybdat och 0,38 mg/mL malakitgrönt. Ökande koncentrationer av denna förening tillsätts till analysen i 5 μL 14% DMSO.

• Cellinjer

  HSF55 and T98G

• Koncentrationer

  Dissolved in DMSO, final concentrations ~50 μM

• Inkubationstid

  72 hours

• Metod

  Cells are exposed to various concentrations of CP-91149 for 72hours. Viability is determined with manual cell counts following staining with trypan blue exclusion assay. Cells are fixed with 70% ethanol. DNA is stained with propidium iodide and the intensity of fluorescence is measured using a Becton-Dickinson flow cytometer at 488nm for excitation and at 650nm for emission. The cell cycle profile is analyzed using Modifit's Sync Wizard.

• Djurmodeller

  Obese, diabetic male C57BL/6J-Lep^(ob/ob) mice and their lean, nondiabetic C57BL/6J-/+ littermates

• Doseringar

  ~50 mg/kg

• Administrering

  Orally