endast för forskning
Kat.nr.: S1950
Kemisk struktur
| Relaterade mål | Dehydrogenase HSP Transferase P450 (e.g. CYP17) PDE phosphatase PPAR Vitamin Mitochondrial Metabolism Casein Kinase |
|---|---|
| Övrigt Carbohydrate Metabolism Inhibitorer | 2-DG (2-Deoxy-D-glucose) Bromopyruvic acid (3-BP) Dorzagliatin LY2608204 Voglibose 1-Deoxynojirimycin 4',7-Dimethoxy-5-Hydroxyflavone AZD1656 Nodakenetin Kaempferol-3-O-neohesperidoside |
| Cellinjer | Analystyp | Koncentration | Inkubationstid | Formulering | Aktivitetsbeskrivning | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| human HepG2 cells | Function assay | 1 mM | 24 h | Activation of AMPK in human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction of gluconeogenesis at 1 mM after 24 hrs by enzymatic colorimetric assay | 26471090 | |
| mouse 3T3L1 cells | Function assay | 1 mM | Induction of AMPK phosphorylation in mouse 3T3L1 cells at 1 mM by Western blot analysis | 25216379 | ||
| human HepG2 cells | Function assay | 1 mM | 24 h | Reduction of glucose consumption in insulin-resistant human HepG2 cells at 1 mM after 24 hrs by glucose oxidase method in presence of 22.2 mM of glucose | 23025244 | |
| human MDA-MB-231 cells | Function assay | 1 to 20 mM | 24 h | Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells at 1 to 20 mM after 24 hrs by MTT assay. | 22459208 | |
| human HepG2 cells | Function assay | 24 h | Increase in glucose consumption in insulin-resistant human HepG2 cells after 24 hrs, EC50=0.27 μM. | 21856048 | ||
| Hs575T | Function assay | 20 mM | 24 hrs | Inhibition of mTOR phosphorylation in triple-negative human Hs575T cells at 20 mM after 24 hrs by immunoblot analysis | 23490148 | |
| Hs578T | Antiinvasive assay | 20 mM | 17 hrs | Antiinvasive activity against triple-negative human Hs578T cells at 20 mM after 17 hrs by light microscopic analysis | 23490148 | |
| Hs575T | Function assay | 20 mM | 24 hrs | Activation of AMPK in triple-negative human Hs575T cells at 20 mM after 24 hrs by immunoblot analysis | 23490148 | |
| L6 | Function assay | 2 mM | 4 hrs | Increase in glucose uptake in rat L6 cells at 2 mM treated for 4 hrs post 30 mins AMPK inhibitor compound C treatment | 29128163 | |
| HepG2 | Function assay | 1 mM | 24 hrs | Induction of glucose consumption in human HepG2 cells at 1 mM incubated for 24 hrs | 28651984 | |
| Klicka för att visa mer experimentella data för cellinjer | ||||||
| Molekylvikt | 165.62 | Formel | C4H11N5.HCl |
Lagring (från mottagningsdatumet) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAS-nr | 1115-70-4 | Ladda ner SDF | Lagring av stamlösningar |
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| Synonymer | 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide HCl | Smiles | CN(C)C(=N)N=C(N)N.Cl | ||
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In vitro |
Water : 33 mg/mL Ethanol : Insoluble |
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In vivo |
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Steg 1: Ange information nedan (Rekommenderas: Ett extra djur för att ta hänsyn till förluster under experimentet)
Steg 2: Ange in vivo-formuleringen (Detta är endast räknaren, inte formuleringen. Vänligen kontakta oss först om det inte finns någon in vivo-formulering i löslighetsavsnittet.)
Beräkningsresultat:
Arbetskoncentration: mg/ml;
Metod för att bereda DMSO-stamlösning: mg substans förlöst i μL DMSO ( Stamlösningskoncentration mg/mL, Vänligen kontakta oss först om koncentrationen överskrider DMSO-lösligheten för denna batch av substansen. )
Metod för att bereda in vivo-formulering: Ta μL DMSO stamlösning, tillsätt sedanμL PEG300, blanda och klarna, tillsätt sedanμL Tween 80, blanda och klarna, tillsätt sedan μL ddH2O, blanda och klarna.
Metod för att bereda in vivo-formulering: Ta μL DMSO stamlösning, tillsätt sedan μL Majsolja, blanda och klarna.
Obs: 1. Se till att vätskan är klar innan du tillsätter nästa lösningsmedel.
2. Se till att tillsätta lösningsmedlet/lösningsmedlen i ordning. Du måste se till att lösningen som erhålls i föregående tillsats är en klar lösning innan du fortsätter att tillsätta nästa lösningsmedel. Fysiska metoder som vortex, ultraljud eller varmt vattenbad kan användas för att underlätta upplösningen.
| Targets/IC50/Ki |
AMPK
(Hepatocytes) |
|---|---|
| In vitro |
Metformin (500 μM) activates AMPK in hepatocytes, as a result, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) activity is reduced, fatty acid oxidation is induced, and expression of lipogenic enzymes is suppressed. Metformin (2 mM) activates muscle AMPK and promotes glucose uptake. Metformin (500 μM) or AICAR strongly suppresses SREBP-1 mRNA expression in rat hepatocytes. Metformin ameliorates hyperglycemia without stimulating insulin secretion, promoting weight gain, or causing hypoglycemia. Metformin has beneficial effects on circulating lipids linked to increased cardiovascular risk. Metformin decreases hepatic glucose production and increases skeletal myocyte glucose uptake. Metformin requires LKB1 in the liver to lower blood glucose levels. Metformin (2 mM) leads to a significant increase in the activity of both α1- and α2-containing complexes in muscle cells. Metformin (2 mM) also increases threonine 172 phosphorylation in muscle cells. |
| In vivo |
Metformin (100 mg/ml, po) treatment produces significant decreases in hepatic expression of mRNAs for SREBP-1, FAS, and S14 in SD rats that are consistent with effects documented in cells. Metformin also decreases hepatic lipids in obese mice. Metformin (250 mg/kg, i.p.) increases AMPK phosphorylation in livers of wild-type mice. Metformin (250 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment reduces blood glucose by more than 50% in the wild-type mice on a high-fat diet. Metformin (250 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment also loweres blood glucose in the ob/ob mice by 40%. |
Referenser |
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| Metoder | Biomarkörer | Bilder | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|
| Western blot | pSTAT3 (Ser727) / STAT3 / Jak2 / Cdk5 / pNFκB / Bcl-2 / Bcl-XL / c-Myc pACC / ACC / pS6 / S6 TTP / p-STAT3 / STAT3 / c-Myc p-AMPK / AMPK / p-mTOR / mTOR / p-S6K / S6K |
|
28114390 |
| Immunofluorescence | beta-catenin / AMPK CD86 / CD206 PAR LKB1 |
|
30854043 |
| Growth inhibition assay | Cell viability |
|
26956973 |
(data från https://clinicaltrials.gov, uppdaterad den 2024-05-22)
| NCT-nummer | Rekrytering | Tillstånd | Sponsor/Samarbetspartners | Startdatum | Faser |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05910554 | Not yet recruiting | Sarcoidosis Pulmonary |
University of Maryland Baltimore |
May 1 2024 | Phase 2 |
| NCT06120881 | Recruiting | Type 2 Diabetes |
University of California San Francisco|National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) |
April 1 2024 | Early Phase 1 |
| NCT06147050 | Not yet recruiting | Long COVID |
Purpose Life Sciences |
April 2024 | Phase 3 |
| NCT06296836 | Not yet recruiting | Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 |
University of Illinois at Chicago|Emily Hanners|Dulal Bhaumik|Avisek Datta|Peggy Choye|Hailey Soni|Annesti Elmasri|Julie Jun|Colin Goodman |
April 1 2024 | Phase 4 |